Monday, 30 April 2012

John and his Mother-Woman - an exegetical poem


Coptic icon of the Dormition of Our Lady









On 29 April 2012 09:09,
Dear Father Donald, 
Of course you can use the poem - if you think it will be of interest to your readers.
- - -
fr Edward O.P.
                                                              + + +
 
-
From: Fr. Edward,
Dear Father Donald.
We would like to have this poem.
I used a book which had belonged to David - and which I had been
looking for over a long period - F.-M. Braun O.P., Jean le théologian
(Études Bibliques 1959). I could tell that he had read it.
I think that you might be interested in it.
The writer was the Confessor to King Baudouin of Belgium, after a long
period teaching at Fribourg.
. . .
Blessings in Domino,
fr Edward O.P.

John and his Mother-Woman - an exegetical poem

A book is a survey linking big moments.
Were it to represent the whole, or seek to,
its length would dissuade from reading.
The lecturer gains success by restricting himself to seeming significant correlates;
the whole woof and warp of history fails in great lengths;
few minds could bear it to pose a problematic:
how is it possible to increase the clarity
without fictionizing the narrative?
I sought this for the Apocalypse of Saint John:
how to dissolve the patina of pastness
and let reveal the actions in themselves.

But note the order and the circumstance.
Thirty years lay between the Apocalypse and the Gospel.
The need of fidelity to what he saw and what he heard
interposed a proto-ecclesial reality to which he must be passive.[1]
He must be obedient to a mandate and its letter of the Lord
as his inspired moment goes from word to word.
Hence the treatment of the Asian churches:
the viewpoint was divine
to which he must make himself divine.
Mirjam was known to him personally and most intimately for many years.
He must see her now as transfixed by God to her action sequence:
"the Woman" with a Son,[2] and then with many other children.[3]
Satan and the Beast were evil's reality
expanded from within the evil in the normally invisible;
simple characters, their structures broken
by ugly patternings left by twisted order
expressing their inner pain in violence and threat.
John was shown so much more than natural eye or ear
could contemplate.
Much had appeared already in Daniel's view.
They treated their victims as playthings of no worth
- projections in the sameness of themselves.
We could blame a theatre of the absurd,
but violence and contempt,
Impulse driven and consented to.
From beginning to end,
from alpha- to omega-related
all in a transhuman mode
when seen by human eyes
and heard by human ears.
Held to his Patmos vision[4]
John could only describe
but not deviate
as special member of the Apostle's college,
the others being dead,
Their living charism passed on - the Church must hear him out
and grasp its inner inspiration and its form.
After the Arc of the Covenant[5]
Mirjam appears in a mode historical and exalted,
totally devoted to soteriology - she its great agent,
showing her great strength by intermingling with the persons and the forms
as a great action in a higher mode
of what was lived out by Ephesus and nearby,
and in John's presence.

The Gospel's presentation of the youthful, energetic John
was re-discovered by him and displayed:
the delicatest ambiguity with Peter,
the badly prompted impulse of his mother to gain him
glory unintended in that mode.
How exigent were the Lord's instructions to the Churches:
who could conform to those demands?

But what had brought John to Asia with its multi-centred life
both gnostic and gnosticising[6];
part Gospel-holding,
but later filled with half- and quarter-converted,
seeking (and finding) local notoriety in numerous locales:
predominantly Greek, with philosophers too of Ammonios Saccos type.
Braun, our guide, gives the scene in a final "Dossier",
offered in trails of evidence, fragments suggestive of a paideia
Imperfectly compiled, but all too late to give the original contact.
We suspect some person familiar with the many schools and private lecturers,
committed to the faith yet open to the pagan Greeks and others,
a bulwark of protection to John's domiciling of Mirjam and her private-to-John Assumption. 
From 48-70 returned from Jerusalem
and preaching a rich Gospel
deepened by reflection and experience,
shaking the pieces of a kaleidoscope of incompleteness,
trying to navigate an incoherent man
into a new religion whose roots he knew much better !
After a twenty-year mission undocumented
our guide supposes an oil-boiling in Rome from which he emerged intact,
then exile to Patmos.
Then thirty years more
with the breaking out from within
of "the disciple whom Jesus loved".
Finally those early memories
matured in long reflection
and structurally set into his gospel
preceded by an anti-Marcionite prologue
where the whole story's told with charity.

Our guide accepts a burial at Ephesus
in the basilica whose basic stones remain.
Justinian was involved in the basilica's building.
The glory's disappeared.
Their adjunct remains - Mirjam's house -
visited  by a discerning line of pilgrims:
not scandalised by the austerity-marks of centuries
or its bare-rock structure,
but drawn by its full honesty.
Fr. Edward OP 
Stykkishólmur
21-25 April 2012
                             

[1] Hence the bad Greek noted by F.-M. Braun O.P.,  Jean le théologian et son évangile dans l'Église ancienne  (Études Bibliques, Paris 1959), pp.50-52. But "The poverty of this style by no means excludes sumptuous effects" (p.52). Whilst his Gospel  allowed him to exercise considerable freedom in the style, in the Apocalypse he was trying to reproduce the nuanced styling of what was presented to him in its exact words, all as an ecclesial task.
[2] Apoc 12,2 5 13.
[3] Apoc 12, 17.
[4]  Braun quotes Tertullian (op. cit. p.341 and n.3): he reports "for the first time , that John was taken to Rome under Domitian, and that the torturers there plunged him into a container [chaudière] full of boiling oil. He came out unharmed by this experience  and was then taken to the island of Patmos."
[5] In the last verse of ch.11, immediately preceding  the appearance of "the Woman".
[6] Two words paired by Braun, intended as a sumnmary.

Risen Messiah Fr. Edward Booth OP



Third Sunday of Easter

The Risen Messiah

The scope of the appearance of the risen Jesus given in the gospel extract from Saint Luke today is very great.
The full setting of his teaching was not explicitly evident in the missioning of his earthly life; he was the Galilean who had appeared with gifts of healing which entailed their divine endowment with which some passages in the later part of Isaiah's prophesy anticipated. His doctrinal and moral teaching were the elements of a divine wisdom implicit in all of his words. He claimed a heavenly origin, and that his teaching was implicitly and historically related to the Jewish scriptures, which it fulfilled by clarifying and fulfilling.
The central part of his teaching would be recorded in the discourses and discussions recorded by his disciple Saint John giving the weight of divinity behind his teaching, ultimately to be explained by his unity and identity with the Father, identified with the God of Israel, with whom he will send the Holy Spirit.
In his mission he had spoken as a man, but united personally with the Godhead and accompanied by the presence of Father and Holy Spirit, as also by the angels who had always been with him: anouncing his birth in Bethlehem, and accompanying his solitude in the Judean desert.
After his already prophesied betrayel and arrest, his passion and his Crucifixion by the Roman procurator under the pressure of the Jewish authorities, we are following his appearances in his human body resurrected by his fully-shared Trinitarian divinity. He had, according to Saint Luke, attached himself to two travelling disciples on the way to Emmaus, to whom he had opened the Scriptural perspectives which set him out as recapitulating all Jewish history in the world perspective anounced by the prophet Isaiah.
The disciples had returned immediately to the Apostles in Jerusalem and were telling them of their experience, and at that moment He Himself appeared in their midst uttering the words, 'Peace be with you!' So he called on them to enter into the peaceful heart of his Godhead: to experience its presence which underlay his passion-wounded body. And he asked for food to show that his presence was both physical and spiritual.
In his earthly mission he had spoken as a man; at this moment he speaks from his Godhead through his glorified manhood before its definitive Ascension. So he speaks from the perspective which embraces all perspectives, and therefore with the greatest authority, most useful for their ministering to his body which they would participate as his Church until time's end. He showed them how he was fulfilling prophesies in the Law of Moses, the Prophets and the Psalms.
Exegetes currently identify five Messianic prophesies in the Law-books. Firstly the enmity prophesied betwen the seed of the serpent and the Seed of the woman, not designated by a father (Gen 3,15). Secondly, the blessing promised to all the nations through the Seed of Abraham (Gen 22,18); so Mary is given a priority for the Seed of them both. Thirdly, that 'the [Kingly] sceptre shall not depart from Judah ... until the Conciliator shall come, gathering the people' (Gen 49,10), and here the slain and risen King addresses the Apostles to whom the gathering of all peoples is entrusted.
Fourthly, the princes of neighbouring people of Moab had asked a pagan seer, Baalam, to curse the Israelites, but the inspiration of God compelled him to say 'I shall see him, but not now: ... there shall come a Star out of Jacob, and a Sceptre shall rise out of Israel, and shall smite the corners of Moab' (Num 24,17). Fifthly, 'I will raise up a Prophet from among their brethren and will put my words in his mouth; and he shall speak unto them all that I shall command Him', which is in Deuteronomy (18,18).
This gave the possibility of relating the Law to the highest Wisdom: not just to the Torah existing 'from the beginning' as the Rabbis taught, but a timeless, spiritually uttered Word of God such as he was now giving, to be given by John in his Prologue, and by Matthew in his Sermon on the Mount. Amen.


Sunday, 29 April 2012

Good Shepherd Sunday


WDTPRS: 4th Sunday of Easter: Our humility and the might of the Shepherd

For this 4th Sunday of Easter, Good Shepherd Sunday, we have a little gem for a Collect in the Ordinary Form.
Omnipotens sempiterne Deus, deduc nos ad societatem caelestium gaudiorum, ut eo perveniat humilitas gregis, quo processit fortitudo pastoris.
Note the nice eo…quo construction and the rhythmic endings of clauses which makes the prayer so singable.  There is synchesis in the last part, a parallelism of grammatical forms “ut A-B-C-D, A-B-C-D”.  The prayer’s structure resembles the orderly procession the vocabulary invokes.
Procedo is “to come forth” as well as “to advance, proceed to.”  It comes also to mean, “to result as a benefit for” someone or something.  Think of English “proceeds”, as in money raised for a cause.  “Procession” (apart from the liturgical meaning) is a theological term describing how the Persons of the Trinity relate to each other. A societas is “a fellowship, association, union, community”, that is, a group united for some common purpose.  I’ll render it as “communion”, which gets to the relationship we will have in heaven and, in anticipation, as members of Holy Church.
There is a nice contrast in humilitas and fortitudo.  They seem to be opposites.  True to the ancient Roman spirit, humilitas has the negative connotation of “lowness”, in the sense of being base or abject.  On the other hand, fortitudo means “strength” and even “the manliness shown in enduring or undertaking hardship, bravery, courage.” In the 8th century Gelasian Sacramentary, whence comes today’s prayer, that fortitudo was originally celsitudo (“loftiness of carriage”, also a title like “Highness”)Fortitudo could poetically refer to Christ’s moral strength and endurance in His Passion and death.  Moreover, Our Lord chooses the weak and makes them strong with His strength, Hisfortitudo (cf 1 Corinthians 1:26-28).  Weakness and strength are not to be measured by worldly successes.
LITERAL RENDERING:
Almighty eternal God, lead us unto the communion of heavenly joys, so that the humility of the flock may attain that place to which the might of the shepherd has advanced.
OBSOLETE ICEL (1973):
Almighty and ever-living God, give us new strength from the courage of Christ our shepherd, and lead us to join the saints in heaven.
CURRENT ICEL (2012):
Almighty ever-living God, lead us to a share in the joys of heaven, so that the humble flock may reach where the brave Shepherd has gone before.
Translators occasionally turn an abstract idea that sounds like a possession (a trope calledsynecdoche), as in “the humility of the flock” or “the might of the shepherd”, into a characteristic of the possessor, as in “the humble flock” or “the mighty shepherd”.  I think we lose something beautiful in that exchange.  You decide.
In our Collect is the image of Christ as shepherd. In mighty resolve He precedes us, the humble flock. He leads us back to that from which He first proceeded, communion with the Father and the Spirit.  In the Greek Neo-Platonic philosophy that informed early Christian thought we often find the paradigm of going forth (proodos, or Latin exitus), a turning around, and returning back (epistrophe,reditus).  It seems to me that this common ancient pattern is echoed in today’s ancient prayer.
This Collect also reminds me of mosaics in the apses of Christian basilicas. Mosaics are assembled from tiny bits of colored stone, tesserae, into beautiful spiritual works with many symbols.  Up close, individual tesserae are unremarkable, often flawed.  Once a great artist gathers and arranges them according to a plan, they proceed to dazzle and amaze.  Holy Church is rather like a mosaic: just as one tessera makes the others more beautiful, we small individual Catholics, with different vocations, in diverse places, and even distant eras in history, play important roles in a larger societas.
The mosaics in apses of ancient and Romanesque churches often depict Christ dressed in glorious imperial trappings.  Apostles and saints, His celestial court, stand on either side bracketed in turn by Bethlehem or the earthly and heavenly Jerusalem.  Beneath the feet of Christ, mighty Shepherd King, are lines of courtly sheep, hooves elegantly raised as they process into a green safe place where water flows, symbolizing the river Jordan and our baptism.
The Second Person of the Trinity, the Son, proceeded from the Father from all eternity. He proceeded into this world in a mighty gesture of self-emptying in order to save us from our sins, turn us away from sin and death, and open for us the way to salvation.
In His first coming, Christ came in humility to take up our fallen societas, our humilitas, His grex, into an indestructible societas with His divinity. In His second coming, clothed in His own fortitudoHe will shepherd us into a new societas in heaven.
If you are a sheep who has strayed, come back now to His fold, Holy Catholic Church.


Saturday, 28 April 2012

On Christian Perfection by Saint Gregory of Nyssa - Pope Benedict XVI

The Reading of Night Office Second Nocturn gave me deaf ears. At the same time, the Holy Spirit prompted it worth hearing - as here!
THIRD WEEK OF EASTER    Saturday   Year 11   

First Reading
From the Acts of the Apostles (11:19-30) Acts 11:20-21; 4:33     

Second Reading
From On Christian Perfection
by Saint Gregory of Nyssa (Jaeger 8, 174-177)


Gregory regards spiritual growth as a continual conformation to the crucified and risen Christ He lists the names given to Christ in Scripture and says that each of them must have its reflection in those who are called Christians.

No one has known Christ better than Paul, nor surpassed him in the example he gave of what anyone should be who bears Christ's name. So perfectly did he mirror his Master that he became his very image. He was transformed into his model and it seemed to be no longer Paul who lived and spoke, but Christ himself living in Paul His words Since you seek a proof that it is Christ who speaks in me, and It is no longer I who live but Christ who lives in me, show his keen awareness of this grace.

Paul teaches us the meaning of Christ's name when he calls him the power and wisdom of God. our peace, the unapproachable light in which God dwells, our sanctification and redemption, our great high priest, our paschal sacrifice, our expiation; when he declares him to be the reflection of God's glory, the perfect likeness of his nature, the creator of all ages, our spiritual food and drink, the rock and the water, the foundation of our faith, the cornerstone, the image of the invisible God He shows what Christ's name means when he says that he is the mighty God. the 'head of his body the Church. the firstborn of the new creation. the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep, the firstbom from the dead, the eldest of many brothers and sisters, and when he tells us that Christ is the mediator between God and the human race, the only-begotten Son crowned with glory and honor, the Lord of glory, the beginning of all things, the king of justice and of peace, the king of the whole universe, the ruler of a realm that has no boundaries.

Paul calls Christ by many other titles too numerous to mention Their cumulative force when taken together gives some conception of what the name "Christ" really means, and shows us his inexpressible majesty in so far as our minds can comprehend it Since by the goodness of God we who are called Christians have been granted the honor of sharing this name, the greatest, the highest, the most sublime of all names, each of the titles that explains its meaning should have its reflection in us: if we are not to be false to this name we must bear witness to it by our lives.

GREGORY OF NYSSA (c.330-395), the younger brother of Basil the Great, chose a secular career and married. Reluctantly, however, in 371, he received episcopal ordination and became bishop of Nyssa, an unimportant town in Basil's metropolitan district of Caesarea. Gregory was the greatest speculative theologian of the three Cappadocian Fathers, and the first after Origen to attempt a systematic presentation of the Christian faith. Gifted spiritually as well as intellectually, he has been called "the father of Christian mysticism." His spiritual interpre­tation of Scripture shows the influence of Origen.


_______________________________________________________

St. Gregory of Nyssa
Pope Benedict XVI
This great fourth-century Cappadocian Father teaches that we rise to God through prayer in purity of heart, and also through our love of neighbourOn Wednesday, 5 September [2007], in St. Peter's Square, the Holy Father continued his Commentary on St Gregory of Nyssa, one of the great fourth-century Cappadocian Fathers. The following is a translation of the Pope's Catechesis, delivered in Italian.
Dear Brothers and Sisters,
I present to you certain aspects of the teaching of St. Gregory of Nyssa, of whom we spoke last Wednesday.
First of all, Gregory of Nyssa had a very lofty concept of human dignity. Man's goal, the holy Bishop said, is to liken himself to God, and he reaches this goal first of all through the love, knowledge and practice of the virtues, "bright beams that shine from the divine nature" (De Beatitudinibus 6: PG 44, 1272c), in a perpetual movement of adherence to the good like a corridor outstretched before oneself.
 

Wednesday, 25 April 2012

Saint Raphael, Cistercian, canonized October 11, 2009


                  

Thursday, 26 April 2012

St Raphael Arnáiz Barón, monk (1911-1938)



April 26, St. Rafael Arnáiz Barón.

Copyright © The National Catholic Reporter Publishing Company

SAINT RAPHAEL ARNÁIZ BARÓN
Monk
(1911-1938)
        Raphael Arnáiz Barón was born in Burgos (Spain) April 9, 1911, into a prominent, deeply Christian family. He was baptised and confirmed in Burgos and began his schooling at the Jesuit college in the same city where, in 1919, he was admitted to first Communion.
        It was at this time that he had his first experience of illness: persistent fevers due to colibacillosis forced him to interrupt his studies. To mark his recovery, which he attributed to a special intervention of the Virgin Mary, his father took him to Zaragoza and consecrated him to the Virgin of Pilar. This experience, which took place in the late summer of 1921, profoundly marked Raphael.
        When the family moved to Oviedo, he continued his secondary schooling with the Jesuits there, obtaining a diploma in science. He then enrolled in the School of Architecture in Madrid, where he succeeded in balancing his studies with a life of fervent piety.
        Possessing a brilliant and eclectic mind, Raphael also stood out because of his deep sense of friendship and his fine features. Blessed with a happy and jovial nature he was also athletic, had a gift for drawing and painting as well a love for music and the theatre. But as he matured, his spiritual experience of the Christian life deepened.
        Although the study of architecture required a great deal of hard work and discipline, at that time he began the practice of making a long daily visit to the Blessed Sacrament in the Chapel of "Caballero de Gracia". He even joined the Nocturnal Adoration Association, and faithfully took his turn before the Blessed Sacrament.
        In this way his heart became well disposed to listening, and he perceived an invitation from God to lead the contemplative life.
        Raphael had already been in contact with the Trappist monastery of San Isidro de Dueñas, and he felt strongly drawn to this place, responding to his deepest desires. In December of 1933 he suddenly broke off his professional studies and on January 16, 1934 entered the monastery of San Isidro.
        After the first months of the noviciate and his first Lent, which he lived with great enthusiasm, embracing all the austerities of Trappist life, God mysteriously chose to test him with a sudden and painful
infirmity: a serious form of diabetes mellitus which forced him to leave the monastery immediately and return to his family in order to receive the proper care.
        Barely recovered, he returned to the monastery, but his illness forced him to leave the monastery for treatment again and again. But whenever he was absent he wanted to return, responding faithfully and generously to what he understood to be a call from God.
        Sanctified by his joyful and heroic fidelity to his vocation, in his loving acceptance of the Divine will and the mystery of the Cross, in his impassioned search for the Face of God, fascinated by his contemplation of the Absolute, in his tender and filial devotion to the Virgin Mary-"the Lady", as he liked to call her-his life came to an end on April 26, 1938. He was barely 27 years old. He was buried in the monastery cemetery, and later in the Abbey church.
        The fame of his sanctity rapidly spread beyond the walls of the monastery. The example of his life together with his many spiritual writings continue to spread and greatly profit those who get to know him. He has been described as one of the great mystics of the twentieth century.
        On August 19, 1989, the Holy Father John Paul II, on World Youth Day at Santiago de Compostella, proposed him as a model for young people today, and beatified him on September 27, 1992.
        Pope Benedict XVI canonized him on October 11, 2009 and presented him as a friend and intercessor for all the faithful, especially for the young.

- Copyright © Libreria Editrice Vaticana