Sunday 15 August 2010

Adoremus Bulletin


15 August [Assumption]
Lk 1:39-56
As celebrating the Solemnity of the Assumption of BVM,
the painting of Virgin of Glory (Bellini) highlights the July-August 2010 Broadsheet of ‘Adoremus Bulletin’.
It is a very timely issue on the New Missal.
The print has been very helpful in these fifteen years.
The Online links are now invaluable, as they are noted below.


Collect for the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary
August 15
Omnipotens sempiterne Deus,
qui immaculatam Virginem Mariam, Filii tui Genetricem,
corpore et anima ad caelestem gloriam assumpsisti,
concede, quaesumus, ut, ad superna semper intenti,
ipsius gloriae mereamur esse consortes.
Per Dominum nostrum, Iesum Cbristum. filium tuum,
qui tecum vivit et regnat in unitate Spiritus Sancti,
Deus, per omnia saecula saeculorum.

Almighty everlasting God,
who assumed into the glory of heaven, body and soul,
the immaculate Virgin Mary, Mother of your Son,
grant, we pray, that, always intent on things above,
we may be worthy to share in her glory.
Through our Lord Jesus Christ, Your Son, who lives
and reigns with You in the unity of the Holy Spirit,
God, forever and ever.
Latin Collect - Roman Missal 2002
English translation © International Commission on English in the Liturgy 2010    




Web site: www.adoremus.org

An archive of articles and reports on biblical and liturgical translation is on the Adoremus web site: adoremus.org/Transtoc.html; and on the bishops' meetings 1993 - present: adoremus.org/ArchiveBishopMeetings.html.
AB research editor Susan Benofy contributed to this article.

Saturday 14 August 2010

Faithful to my vocation.

Mass Intr. Friday August 13. 2010
Ez. 16: 1-5. 60, 63
Mat. 19: 3-12

We hear from the Book of Ezekiel that God loved Israel as a foundling child and also as a bride.
The story portrays God’s love and concern for Israel, but Israel proved faithless. She showed infidelity apostatizing at pagan shrines.
Nevertheless, God’s fidelity stands despite her unfaithfulness; God shows His total fidelity and this fidelity of God is a model for true marriage.

In the Gospel, Jesus speaks about the beauty and indissolubility of marriage. Toda’s sincerity encourages divorce and individualism which have caused much pain and suffering in family lives.
Jesus calls for deep love, friendship, perfect unity is married life which also entails at times forgiveness, sacrifice and reconciliation. The married couple will find true peace, joy and fulfilment is giving total self to each other in fidelity and total commitment.

Jesus also tells us that some are called to celibacy for the Kingdom of God. He also demands from them unconditional love complete fidelity and total commitment in their particular vocation.
Fr. S.


Commentary of the day : 

The Roman Missal 
Rite of marriage : Nuptial blessing 5 

"They are no longer two, but one flesh"
Lord our God,
creator of the universe and all living things, 
you made man and woman in your own likeness (Gn 1,27)
and gave them loving hearts
with which to participate in your work of love.
You willed that in this church today
the lives of your servants, N. and N., should be united,
and now you will that they may make their home together,
may seek to love each other more and more each day
and follow Christ's example in his love for others
even to death on the cross.
Bless, strengthen and protect the love of these newlyweds;
may their love sustain their fidelity to each other,
bringing them happiness and causing them find in Christ
the joy of complete self-giving to the one they love.
May their love, like yours, O Lord,
become a source of life;
may it make them ever attentive to the needs of their neighbors;
and may their home be open to all in need.
Supported by their love, and the love of Christ,
may they play an active part 
in building up a more just and fraternal world
and thus be faithful to their human and christian vocation.
Amen.  

Maximilian Kolbe



----- Forwarded Message ----
From: Nivard ...
To: donald ...>
Sent: Sat, 14 August, 2010 12:34:51
Subject: Maximilian

Mass Intro
       Father Kolbe's death was not a sudden, last-minute act of heroism. His whole life had been a preparation. His holiness was a limitless, passionate desire to convert the whole world to God. And his beloved Immaculata was his inspiration.
     When first arrested, he said to his brethren: "Courage, my sons. Don't you see that we are leaving on a mission? And besides, and, into the bargain, they pay our fare. How very providential! We now have to pray well, in order to win as many souls as possible. Let us, then, tell the Blessed Virgin that we are content, and that she can do with us, anything she wishes".
 
Prayer after Communion
 
Lord God, we pray that we, who have been nourished body and blood of your Son, may be inflamed by that same love which St Maximilan received from this holy banquet.          Grant this in the name of Jesus, the Lord. 
  Go in peace to love and serve the Lord  





                    














Saturday, 14 August 2010






St Maximilian Kolbe, Priest and Martyr (1894-1941

        Raymond Kolbe was born on the 8th of January 1894 in Zdunska Wola, which at that time was occupied by Russia. The Kolbe home was poor but full of love. The parents, hardworking and religious, educated their three sons with rectitude.
         Around 1906, an event took place that marks a fundamental milestone in the life of the young boy. His mother herself related the event a few months after her son's martyrdom.
        "I knew ahead of time, based on an extraordinary event that took place in his infancy, that Maximilian would die a martyr. I just don't recall if it took place before or after his first confession. Once I did not like one of his pranks and I reproached him for it: 'My son, what ever will become of you?!' Later, I did not think of it again, but I noticed that the boy had changed so radically, he was hardly recognizable. We had a small altar hidden between two dressers before which he used to often retire without being noticed and he would pray there crying. In general, he had a conduct superior to his age, always recollected and serious and when he prayed he would burst into tears. I was worried, thinking he had some sort of illness so I asked him: 'Is there anything wrong? You should share everything with your mommy!' Trembling with emotion and with his eyes flooded in tears, he shared: 'Mama, when you reproached me, I pleaded with the Blessed Mother to tell me what would become of me. At Church I did the same; I prayed the same thing again. So then the Blessed Mother appeared to me holding in her hands two crowns: one white the other red. She looked at me with tenderness and asked me if I wanted these two crowns. The white one signified that I would preserve my purity and the red that I would be a martyr. I answered that I accepted them...(both of them). Then the Virgin Mary looked at me with sweetness and disappeared.' The extraordinary change in the boys' behavior testified to me the truth of what he related. He was fully conscious and as he spoke to me, with his face radiating; it showed me his desire to die a martyr."    


Friday 13 August 2010

Andre Louf COMMENT

----- Forwarded Message ----
From: William J ...>
To: Fr Donald ...>
Sent: Thu, 12 August, 2010 22:01:07
Subject: Re: [Dom Donald's Blog] Andre Louf 

Dear Father Donald,
 
I have greatly enjoyed the tributes to your friend and contemporary.
 
As I took down from my bookshelf the two books I hold written by him, straightway I recalled the effect they had upon me.
 
Who else entitles a book "Teach us to pray - learning a little about God" and begins an introduction with:
"The purpose of this short book is to do just a little to appease the hunger for prayer..."
 
And in "The Cistercian Way", he begins with the question "What is a monk?".... to which he answers...
"the question must indeed be put every day, and the answer can come only from living".
 
I shall place the fine portrait of him in the front of these two intimate accounts of the life of prayer,
his life of prayer - to which the back cover of "Teach us to pray" introduces us:
"The most obvious characteristic of this book is that it is prayed. Everything written in its pages emanates from the deep experience of a man of prayer. The book is a personal testimony which is written to help the reader achieve "a deeper solitude where he or she may penetrate to a still deeper level of his or her own interior being".
 
I couldn't retire for the night without communicating to you how great an effect his writing has had upon me.
 
...  in Our Lord,
William
 
The portrait of Dom Andre Louf, below, is the one I know best for the times we met over the years 1964 to 1997
He is one of the Cistercian monks and abbots who has most impressed and inspired me in my monastic life.

                                                           R.P. Dom André Louf


 
 
Blog on 8/12/2010 08:46:00 PM

  • + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
 Reply:
Thank you, William.
Your response to the tributes to Dom Andre Louf is moving,
and so insightful from your reading of Andre.
Yours ...
Donald

Thursday 12 August 2010

Andre Louf at Community of Bose


http://www.monasterodibose.it/

 Father André Louf has passed from this world to the Father  

The prior, br. Enzo, and the brothers and sisters of Bose wish to transmit to the brothers of Mont-des-Cats their fraternal closeness, the assurance of their prayer, and their gratitude to the Lord and to their community for this great gift: Deo gratias!   
 http://www.monasterodibose.it/index.php/content/view/3622/122/lang,en/  

On 12 July fr. André Louf, Trappist monk and a well-known spiritual author, passed from this world to the Father in his monastery of Mont-des-Cats (France). He was born in Leuven (Belgium) in 1929 and entered the monastery in 1947, a little after World War II. In 1963 he was elected abbot of Mont-des-Cats, a ministry he carried out for thirty-four years, guiding his community with wisdom and discernment in the years of Vatican Council II and the following “aggiornamento” aimed at a renewed fidelity of monasticism to its evangelical demands. With his spiritual paternity he formed generations of monks, some of whom in their turn became abbots of other monasteries. He left the office of abbot in 1997 and retired to live as a hermit near the Benedictine sisters of Saint Lioba in Provence; from there his discreet and wise voice continued to be heard in word and writings. A man nourished at the fount of the Fathers of East and West, as a competent “lover” he had also translated some pearls of the thought of the Syrian Isaac of Nineveh and of Flemish mystics.   

In 2004, at the invitation of pope John Paul II, fr. André Louf composed the meditations for the Way of the Cross at the Colosseum.   

We would like at this time to recall with deep feeling, besides the great spiritual man, especially the friend and brother who in the last fifteen years at least once a year came for a longer stay at Bose, either to give voice to the spirituality of Western monasticism on the occasion of the International Conferences on Orthodox spirituality or — and even more so — simply to live the daily fraternal life in our poor reality, exercising an authentic ministry of sharing from his truly unique baggage of knowledge. He was an “elder”, a “kalogeros”, a “starec”, esteemed and loved by all the brothers of the Orthodox Churches for his vast doctrine, his humble wisdom, and the profound peace that irradiated and that went beyond all divisions. Many of us turned to him in simplicity for spiritual advice, for a word of confirmation in the monastic path, for an exhortation to trust and hope, unfailingly finding him at one’s disposal.    
 A man without boundaries and tenacious in his search for Beauty and its reverberations in reality, he always struck us as a man extraordinarily capable of listening — in the therapeutic quality of which he firmly believed — as a man of potent force of intercession and of fidelity to daily prayer, of incessant ministry of consolation, of penetrating discernment, always ready to spread the mantle of pardon over evil, a man of absolute primacy of mercy and condescension (“synkatavasis”) in fraternal relations and towards the facts of life. With respect to the latter, he always warned against giving oneself up to bitterness; he admitted the possibility of moments of sadness that should be welcomed with magnanimity and a smile, nevertheless, and even more, in him was affirmed the ever more acute seeking of the Light, which he found in small daily occurrences and in the persons he met, as traces of the uncreated Light, of the divine Light in which he is finally wrapped. He lived a growing attitude towards a limpid vision of sincerity with regard to himself and to others, of astonishment and wonder towards al creation, in the conviction that the good remains more profound than the most profound evil.
  The hour of his death is also the moment of unveiling and of truth, so we can finally hear addressed also to him in the communio sanctorum his observations on the humble love that he had met with from the monks of the Holy Mountain, Athos:
“I would like to end this chapter (“With regard to some fruits of the Spirit” in Sotto la guida dello Spirito ) on the fruits of the Spirit with a personal recollection of a pilgrimage to some hermits on Mount Athos. There is little to say, except that I had imagined them completely different: perhaps as rough and hard men, heroes of asceticism and of solitude, reluctant to have any human contact. The reality was totally different: rarely have I experienced similar love, a meek and humble love that made me feel immediately received into their prayer and that pulled me, as if despite myself, towards God. Rarely too have I felt as close to men, placed into the very heart of the world, a heart that does not cease to beat for God and that so few, unfortunately, are able to hear.”
   We now understand why his desire to make another pilgrimage to Athos remained only a whisper: now at last this awaiting is over, the founts and profundities are reached for good, and nothing remains except light, peace, and communion without end before the Lord’s face. Thank you, fr. André: we ask your intercession before the Lord for all of us, for the Church, for monasticism, for every human being and every creature!
          The prior, br. Enzo, and the brothers and sisters of Bose wish to transmit to the brothers of Mont-des-Cats their fraternal closeness, the assurance of their prayer, and their gratitude to the Lord and to their community for this great gift: Deo gratias!
 
 


Fr André Louf


Fr André Louf at the roundtable during the 2002 International Ecumenical Conference


Fr André Louf and mgr Emilianos Timiadis (2006)


Fr André Louf at the table during the 2007 International Ecumenical Conference

Fr Antoine Lambrechts and fr André Louf (2009)


Fr Gabriel Bunge and fr André Louf (2002

Fr André Louf






Andre Louf Abbaye du Mont des Cats

The portrait of Dom Andre Louf, below, is the one I know best for the times we met over the years 1964 to 1997
He is one of the Cistercian monks and abbots who has most impressed and inspired me in my monastic life.

Les abbés



R.P. Dom André Louf


Né à Louvain en 1929, Jacques Louf entre à 22 ans à l'abbaye du Mont des Cats, en flandre française. Ordonné prêtre en 1955, il suit à Rome les cours de l'Université Grégorienne et de l'Institut biblique.

En 1963, il est élu Abbé de son monastère, 
âgé de 33 ans. Durant de longues années il fut le Modérateur des Chapitres Généraux (réunion des Abbés de l'Ordre cistercien-trappiste). Ayant démissionné comme Abbé du Mont des Cats en 1997, il vit en solitude à l'ombre du monastère de Simiane-Collongue, en Provence. 



On lui doit plusieurs ouvrages de spiritualité : 
- Seigneur, apprends-nous à prier (Éd. Lumen vitae 1975). 
(Épuisé)
- La Voie cistercienne (DDB 1978). (Épuisé)



Andre Louf OCSO

In memoriam
Dom André Louf, OCSO
(1929-2010)
Dom André Louf died on July 12, and was buried two days later in the monastery where he had entered as an eighteen-year-old. We knew that he had recently been moved from the South of France to a hospital in Bailleul, near the abbey of Mont-des-Cats. His end was in sight. Now it has come.


A fatherly friend, abbot and hermit, a creative writer and an excellent translator, a spiritual director and an inspiration for so many persons, an ardent ecumenist, engaged in dialogue with Orthodox Christians in particular, he has departed from us. A diamond with many facets, the radiance of his richly talented personality extended far beyond monastic circles. Even the Université catholique de Louvain in Louvain-la-Neuve recognized his authority by awarding him the degree of doctor honoris causa in 1994 (cf. Coll. Cist. 56 – 1994, p. 215-226). Throughout his entire life, he was drawn to the public marketplace just as strongly as to the barren solitude of the desert. He chose and he was chosen. A man of good taste, he never sought the banal, but rather what was unique. More than once in his life, things turned out differently than he had hoped. His early inclination to the life of a hermit suddenly took a very different turn when, at 33 years of age, he was chosen to be abbot of his community. After ten years of being superior, he thought he could turn in his resignation, but the Abbot General of the Order thought differently about the matter. When he finally could retire in 1997 – after having been abbot for 35 years – he hoped to become a Carthusian, but his request was not granted... A community of Benedictines in the South of France did issue him an invitation though: he could live in a hermitage on the edge of their community. The stable of a donkey which had died was renovated to become his hermitage....   

Wednesday 11 August 2010

Br Roger, Taize 5th Anniversary

----- Forwarded Message ----
From: father patrick ...>
Sent: Wed, 11 August, 2010 19:47:09
Subject: Brother Roger of Taize - fifth anniversary of his tragic Death

Pope pays tribute to slain Taizé founder

  August 11, 2010

 
Pope Benedict XVI paid tribute to Brother Roger (1915-2005),
founder of the Taizé ecumenical community,
as an “untiring witness of Gospel peace and reconciliation”
in a brief letter written on the occasion of the fifth anniversary of his murder.
 
 
The letter, dated July 9,
was published in the August 11 edition of L’Osservatore Romano;
it was written by Vatican Secretary of State Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone on Pope Benedict’s behalf.


“Brother Roger was a pioneer on the difficult path
towards the unity of the disciples of Christ,” the letter stated.



“Now that he has entered into eternal joy,
he continues to speak to us.
His testimony of an ecumenism of holiness can inspire us on our path towards unity.”


St Clare

----- Forwarded Message ----
From: Marcellino D'Ambrosio
To: Donald  
Sent: Wed, 11 August, 2010 16:05:01
Subject: TV NEEDS a Patron Saint, Don't You Think? 8-11-2010



A Patron Saint of Television?
Saint Claire of Assisi
Yes, there is a patron Saint of television and today, August 11, is her feast day!  St. Clare, disciple of St. Francis of Assisi, was so ill one Christmas that she could not attend mass, but the Lord miraculously made it possible for her to hear and see mass although it was taking place miles away.

Today, through the modern “miracle” of television and radio and the worldwide web, millions are hearing and seeing programming that is helping to sustain and increase their faith.  The Crossroads Initiative in this month of August will touch countless people all over the world through international radio broadcasts and a TV series on the Eternal Word Television network on the Early Church Fathers.  Two to three thousands persons will come to our website per day to feed their own faith and get resources to share with their families, schools and parishes.

All this is provided as a free service – we are not paid a dime, but it costs us a great deal to make it all available.   

Tuesday 10 August 2010

St Lawrence Sunrise at Dunbar

----- Forwarded Message ----
From: Anne Marie   ...
To: Donald
Sent: Mon, 9 August, 2010 10:42:57
Subject: Sunrise at Dunbar

I am not sure this will work but if it does it is the moment of sunrise.
I have not had time to compile or put music to it but even just the film 
is amazing.  You probably see sunrise most mornings so it might
not be so amazing, for those of us who are still in the land of nod it is 
thrilling.
...    This should be the link..............

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MwbnYu58k78

Yours ...
 Anne Marie.

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Dear, Anne Matie,   

Amazing.

Best without music.

The sound of the Gannets, Gulls, fishing boat, beautiful.

Donald


% % % % % % 


Tuesday, 10 August 2010

Saint Lawrence, deacon and martyr - Feast


Today the Church celebrates : St. Lawrence, Deacon and Martyr († 258) 

Holy Gospel of Jesus Christ according to Saint John 12:24-26.

Amen, amen, I say to you, unless a grain of wheat falls to the ground and dies, it remains just a grain of wheat; but if it dies, it produces much fruit. Whoever loves his life loses it, and whoever hates his life in this world will preserve it for eternal life. Whoever serves me must follow me, and where I am, there also will my servant be. The Father will honor whoever serves me. 

See commentary below or click here
Saint Augustine : "Where I am, there also will my servant be" 


"Where I am, there also will my servant be"


       Dear brothers, your faith recognizes this seed fallen into the earth that death has multiplied. Your faith recognizes it because it dwells in your hearts. No christian hesitates to believe what Christ said of himself. But when this seed died and multiplied, many seeds were scattered on the earth. Saint Laurence is one of them, and today we celebrate the day when he was sown. We see what a tremendous harvest has sprung up from all those seeds scattered over all the earth and the sight fills us with joy, provided only that we ourselves belong to God's grain store, by his grace.
       
For not everything that is harvested goes into the grain store. The same necessary and fruitful rain causes both good seed and straw to grow but we don't store both of them in the barn. Now is the time for us to choose...Listen to me, you holy seed, for I have no doubt that it is here in abundance... Listen to me or, rather, listen to him in me who was first called a good seed. Do not love your life in this world. If you truly love yourselves do not thus love your life, and then you will save your life... «Whoever loves his life in this world will lose it.» It is the good seed who said that: the seed thrown into the ground who died that he might bear much fruit. Listen to him because as he speaks so has he done. He both teaches us and shows us the way by example.

            Christ wasn't attached to the life of this world. He came into the world to be stripped of himself, to give his life and take it up again when he willed...He, the true man, is true God, a sinless man that he might take away the sin of the world, clothed with power so great that he could truly say: «I have power to lay down my life and power to take it up again. No one can take it from me; it is I who lay it down and I who take it up again» (Jn 10,18).

Monday 9 August 2010

Saint Edith Stein


Teresa Benedict of the Cross Edith Stein (1891-1942)
nun, Discalced Carmelite, martyr  
Not having the up-to-date Prayers of the Mass, we were happy to avail of the MAGNIFICAT Missalette.

Monday of the Nineteenth Week in Ordinary Time
SAINT TERESA BENFDICTA OF THE CROSS
Edith Stein was born of Jewish parents in 1891, becoming an influential philosopher following her extensive studies at major German universities. Following her conversion to Catholicism she became a mayor force in German intellectual life, entering the Discalced Carmelites in 1933. Sister Teresa Benedicta was arrested by the Nazi regime on August 2, 1942, along with all Catholics of Jewish extraction, and transported by cattle train to the death camp: of Auschwitz: where she died in the gas chambers that same year .•

MASS Prayers
Entrance Antiphon
This holy woman fought to the death for the law of her God, never cowed by the threats of the wicked; her house was built on solid rock.
Opening  PRAYER
God our Father,
you give us joy each year
in honouring the memory of Saint Teresa Benedicta of the Cross.
May her prayers be a source of help for us,
and may her example of courage and chastity be our inspiration.
Grant this through our Lord Jesus Christ, your Son, who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, for ever and ever.

PRAYER OVER THE GIFIS
Lord,
receive our gifts
as you accepted the suffering and death of Saint Teresa Benedicta of the Cross
in whose honour we celebrate this Eucharist. We ask this through Christ our Lord.

Communion Antiphon
If anyone wishes to come after me, he must renounce himself, take up his cross, and follow me, says the Lord. (Mt 16: 24)

Prayer after COMMUNION
Lord God,
you gave Saint Tercsa Bcnedicta of the Cross the crown of eternal joy
because she gave her life
rather than renounce the virginity she had promised in witness to Christ.
With the courage this Eucharist brings,
help us to rise out of the bondage of our earthly desires
and attain to the glory of your kingdom.
Grant this through Christ our Lord.
 

Sunday 8 August 2010

Titular Priory Nigeria

News. 
Abbot Mark, Nunraw could not obtain the necessary Visa to visit the Cistercian Titular Priory of Our Lady of the Angels, Nsugbe, Nigeria.
We were happy with the good news from the Community.
Three monks made their Simple Profession,
Br Paschal
Br. Kieran
Br. Rock James

There were also three Solemn Profession,
Br. Simon
Br. Peter
Br. Casimir
Fr. Raphael has attained to the 75th age as Titular Prior.
Our prayer goes with the Brethren at this milestone of progress in the community.

Br Casimir, Br Peter, Br Simon
 % % % % % % % % % % % % % % %
Sunday, 08 August 2010

Nineteenth Sunday in Ordinary Time
Holy Gospel of Jesus Christ according to Saint Luke 12:32-48.

Do not be afraid any longer, little flock, for your Father is pleased to give you the kingdom. Sell your belongings and give alms. Provide money bags for yourselves that do not wear out, an inexhaustible treasure in heaven that no thief can reach nor moth destroy. For where your treasure is, there also will your heart be. Gird your loins and light your lamps and be like servants who await their master's return from a wedding, ready to open immediately when he comes and knocks. Blessed are those servants whom the master finds vigilant on his arrival. Amen, I say to you, he will gird himself, have them recline at table, and proceed to wait on them.   

Friday 6 August 2010

Transfiguration

Jesus took three of his disciples up a mountain to pray, and there he became transfigured with God's glory.
FEAST OF THE TRANSFIGURATION OF THE LORD
LUKE 9:28b-36
(Daniel 7:9-10, 13-14; Psalm 97; 2 Peter 1:16-19)
KEY VERSE: "Then from a cloud came a voice that said, `This is my chosen Son; listen to him'" (v 35).



POPE BEN EDICT XVI  'JESUS OF NAZARETH' pp. 305-307

THE TRANSFIGURATION
All three Synoptic Gospels create a link between Peter's confession and the account of Jesus' Transfiguration by means of a reference to time. Matthew and Mark say: "And after SIX days Jesus took with him Peter and James, and John his brother" Mt. 17:1; Mk 9:2). Luke writes: "Now about eight days after these sayings" Lk 9:28). Clearly, this means that the two events, in each of which Peter plays a prominent role, are interrelated. We could say that in both cases the issue is the divinity of Jesus as the Son; another point, though, is that in both cases the appearance of his glory is connected with the Passion motif Jesus' divinity belongs with the Cross--only when we put the two together do we recognize Jesus correctly. John expressed this intrinsic interconnectedness of Cross and glory when he said that the Cross is Jesus' "exaltation," and that his exaltation is accomplished in no other way than in the Cross. But now we must try to delve somewhat more deeply into this remarkable time reference. There are two different interpretations, though they do not have to be considered mutually exclusive.